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Holistic Health Encyclopedia

home      A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


M
 
Macrophage
Any of the many forms of mononuclear phagocytes found in tissues. Mononuclear phagocytes arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. After passing through the monoblast and promonocyte states of the monocyte stage, they enter the blood, circulating for about 40 hours. They then enter tissues and increase in size, phagocytic activity, and lysosomal enzyme content and become macrophages. The morphology of macrophages varies among different tissues and between normal and pathologic states, and not all macrophages can be identified by morphology alone. However, most macrophages are large cells with a round or indented nucleus, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, abundant endocytotic vacuoles, lysosomes, and phagolysosomes, and a plasma membrane covered with ruffles or microvilli. Among the functions of macrophages are nonspecific phagocytosis and pinocytosis, specific phagocytosis of opsonized microorganisms mediated by Fc receptors and complement receptors, killing of ingested microorganisms, digestion and presentation of antigens to T and B lymphocytes, and secretion of a large number of diverse products, including many enzymes (lysozyme, collagenases, elastase, acid hydrolases), several complement components and coagulation factors, some prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and several regulatory molecules (interferon, interleukin-1). Among the cells now recognized as macrophages are histiocytes, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, microglial cells, synovial type A cells, interdigitating cells, and Langerhans cells (in normal tissues) and epithelioid cells and Langerhans-type and foreign-body-type multinucleated giant cells (in inflamed tissues).

Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration is the deterioration of the sensitive part of the retina called the "macula", where light-receptive nerve cells are located ? often resulting in some loss of vision, and rarely leading to blindness.

The Eye Problems archives from the 'Ask Dr. Stoll' website are here .

Malignant
  • 1. tending to become progressively worse and to result in death.
  • 2. having the properties of anaplasia, invasion, and metastasis; said of tumors.

Manganese
Current research has revealed that very small amounts of manganese are required for bone and cartilage formation, protein and fat metabolism, healthy nerve transmission, the regulation of blood sugar, and proper immune function. An important part of enzymes, manganese works with B-complex vitamins to give an overall sense of well-being.

Magnesium
  • Year discovered: 1830
  • Atomic No.: 12
  • Symbol: Mg
  • Atomic weight: 24.312
  • Melting point: 648.8?C

Magnesium's discovery as a chemical element dates back to Sir Humphrey Davy's efforts in 1808, but it took another 22 years and the efforts of French scientist A. Bussy to isolate it via magnesium chloride reduction. There's enough magnesium already dissolved in seawater to satisfy the world's requirements through the next Millennium, and a lot of it is produced from seawater and from the Great Salt Lake.

Magnesium is an important mineral for healthy bones and teeth, and is involved in proper nerve and muscle functioning, as well as regulating blood pressure. Magnesium may help prevent dizziness, depression, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), insomnia, and muscle weakness and twitching. This mineral is also important in aiding the enzymes involved in energy production.

Magnesium deficiency is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease in the Western world.

[Dr. Stoll]

First of all you have chosen the kind of magnesium least likely to be absorbed [magnesium oxide](that is why is is so inexpensive).

Second, during pregnancy is one of the most important times for a magnesium supplement since Toxemia of Pregnancy is mostly caused by magnesium deficiency; only THIS time use one more easily absorbed (aspartate, orotate or glycinate).

The current shortsighted policy of MDs is to wait till the person is convulsing with toxemia and then give massive doses of injectible magnesium sulfate to try to stop the convulsions.

See also Trace Minerals

Magnetic Therapy
Practitioners of this therapy believe negative magnetic fields have a beneficial effect on health. By placing magnets near or on an injury site, practitioners say a force field is created that encourages muscle relaxation and increased blood flow, while reducing inflammation. Devices range from small, simple magnets to large machines capable of generating strong magnetic fields.

A new study suggests patients with depression that does not respond to antidepressant drugs or electric shock therapy could benefit from electromagnetic stimulation.

Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center in Atlanta studied 50 patients, who did not take antidepressant drugs for one week prior to the study. Electromagnetic stimulation therapy involves creating a magnetic field between the electricity in an electromagnetic coil and the electrical currents in the brain. The magnetic field pulls nerve cells in the brain up to about 2 centimeters below the brain's surface. The procedure does not require anesthesia.

The study found that 40 percent of the patients significantly improved after electromagnetic stimulation therapy. Researchers say the treatment relieved 25 patients. Seventy-eight percent of the patients reported discomfort at the site of stimulation and 8 percent of the patients experienced post-treatment headaches. Two patients experienced severe pain at the site of stimulation, researchers say.

"These results suggest repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be a viable option for patients with treatment-resistant depression," researchers reported at the American Psychiatric Association annual meeting in Washington, D.C.

Malaria
A disease caused by parasites.

Maltase
An enzyme that converts maltose into glucose.

Manic-Depression
See Bipolar Depression

Manganese
  • Year discovered: 1774
  • Atomic No.: 25
  • Symbol: Mn
  • Atomic weight: 54.9380
  • Melting point: 1,204.4?C

Manganese is a critical element in steel production. It was first produced by reduction of the dioxide with carbon. It is a gray-white, hard and brittle metal, first recognized as an element in 1774 by Scheele, the Swedish chemist and apothecary, whose fellow countryman, Gahn, isolated the metal in the same year. Its use in steelmaking dates to 1839 with the first commercial application coming in 1856. The leading end-uses of manganese are construction, machinery and transportation. . The metal is also used in batteries, chemicals and pig iron. Manganese is an essential element for people, animals and plants, but it can be harmful in excessive amounts. It can be an industrial poison but is generally not a hazard Manganese ore containing 35-percent or more manganese was not produced in the United States in 1997.

Mania
Manic episodes generally begin with what is experienced as an improvement or upward shift in mood. The individual will feel more energetic, more able to concentrate and focus, and may find that they can work better and more productively. In the early stages of a manic episode, the person may feel quite euphoric (i.e., they may feel unusually happy or feeling unusually contented). If you never met the person before, you might think they were just high-energy outgoing people, but those who know them will recognize the state as a significant departure from their normal mood and style. There is almost always a decreased need for sleep at the outset of a manic episode. The individual may be up for days on end and still feel energetic, or they may awaken several hours earlier than usual. As the episode progresses, thoughts and their speech both seem to race. Ideas jump from one topic to another in a dizzying jumble (this is what mental health professionals may refer to as "flight of ideas"), and the speech begins even more rapid (or what mental health professionals call "pressured"). They may talk for hours on end. In severe form, speech may become totally incoherent. While elevated mood may be the symptom most often associated with mania, irritable mood may actually be the most prominent symptom and the individual may appear very labile (or quick-changing) in their moods -- expansive at one moment and irritable when thwarted.

Manual Lymph Drainage
Massage technique used to improve the flow of lymph using light, rhythmic strokes. Lymph glands act as part of the body’s defense system against infection. According to practitioners, by improving lymphatic circulation, different complaints are corrected and the immune system improved. Proven effective for lymphedema that commonly follows mastectomy surgery.

Marrow
The soft organic material that fills the cavities of the bones; also called medulla.

Marshmallow
(Althea officinalis) Marshmallow has been utilized for thousands of years not only as a food during times of famine, but for its healing properties as an herbal remedy. Recently, marshmallow has been used as an expectorant to treat a variety of upper respiratory problems.

Marshmallow contains large amounts of vitamin A, calcium, zinc and significant amounts of iron, sodium, iodine, and B-complex. Like slippery elm, marshmallow reduces inflammation and has a calming effect on the body.

Marshmallow's mucilage content helps soothe inflamed tissues, often caused by bronchitis and asthma. Marshmallow also relieves dryness and irritation in the chest and throat, usually brought on by colds and persistent coughs.

Marshmallow has been known to relieve indigestion, kidney problems, urinary tract infections, and even external skin wounds such as boils and abscesses.

Marshmallow root and herb is a soothing, healing plant. It contains high amounts of calcium and lime. It can also be used whenever a demulcent herb is needed.

marshmallow

Massage
The word massage can be defined in its simplest terms as "rubbing or kneading the body for stimulation or relaxation." But this hands-on ancient therapy has broadened in definition over the last 20 years, with over 100 different methods now classified as massage therapy. Most fall into five basic categories: traditional methods; European; contemporary Western; structural/functional/movement integration; Oriental and energetic. Their primary goal is the same—encouraging relaxation, healing and well-being through touch. Massage is not only a preventative bodywork, it is also useful in the treatment of anxiety, back pain, cancer, circulation problems, colic, depression, headaches, heart disorders, high blood pressure, hyperactivity, insomnia, sinusitis and tension.

[DR. Schulze] One of the things I always notice when I get a massage is they don't touch my ears, my nose, my eyes, my jaw, my lips, or my chin. In these areas, I seem to hold a tremendous amount of stress.

Mastitis
 

   

MCS - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity
Think of your body as a cup with a small crack in the side. If you keep filling the cup faster than it can drain, it will overflow. Smoke, perfume, cleaners, chemicals, pesticides, herbicides, plastics, electromagnetic fields, food allergies and regular allergies, Candida, etc, add to our total body load. If our body is unable to detoxify the above fast enough, we reach our total body load and begin to have reactions.

A person having a reaction is like a cup running over. Environmental factors are entering the body faster than it can eliminate them. The body of a person with EI/MCS can not readily detoxify and eliminate chemicals, therefore, chemicals store in the fatty tissue, liver and brain.

Symptoms include but are not limited to: Brain Fog, Chronic Fatigue, Mood Swings, Pain in various parts of the body, Flushing, Memory Loss, Inability to concentrate, Chest Pains, Headaches, Visual disturbances, Sensitivity to light and sound, Audio disturbances, sensitivity to touch, Rashes, Hair loss, Vertigo, Dizziness, Asthma, Flu like symptoms that won't go away, Nausea, Depression, and the list goes on and on.

Individuality plays an important role in why some people have MCS and others don't. For instance, more women than men have the symptoms. Men produce Testosterone which often covers up the problem until it's to late. Women produce Estrogen which does not cover up the symptoms or warning signs.

By the time they realize what they have, fixed name disease has often taken place in the heart, liver, Brain etc.

If warning signs are ignored MCS can result in end organ failure and death.

   

Medicaments
Medicinal substances or agents.

Meditation
As meditation became popular in the West, beginning in the late 1960s and 1970s, and many different meditation approaches were introduced to the West, a lot of misinformation was spread. At Centerpointe, we talk to a lot of people everyday interested in meditation -- some of whom have been meditating off and on for years unfortunately, a lot of times with little to show for it). The mish-mash of beliefs about meditation, what it is, how it works, and how to identify when you are doing it properly is amazing. Hopefully this article will clear up some of the misconceptions and simplify something that has been overly complicated over the last 30 years.

Meditation is a tool used to gain self-awareness, to help get the mind out of the way so you can more clearly see who you really are. Those who have succeeded in this quest tell us the resulting peace, happiness, and connection to (God, the One, your Self, the Infinite -- pick one) is immeasurably better than the stressed-out and often hopeless existence many people are experiencing.

From research done in the 1970s, we learned that all forms of meditation involve the slowing of the electrical brain wave patterns from the normal, everyday beta brain wave pattern to the slower alpha rhythms. Very experienced meditators enjoy short excursions, lasting a few moments at a time, into the even slower trance-like theta brain wave pattern.

This slowing of the electrical brain wave patterns in every case is accomplished -- in traditional meditation -- by some kind of focusing, the most popular points of focus being the breath, or a mantra or prayer. Any kind of focusing causes the brain wave patterns to slow.

Now I know this "brain wave pattern" approach to understanding doesn't sound as romantic as some of the more metaphorical Eastern explanations, but I believe it is more useful (and I don't think it negates the Eastern explanations, either).

So what does slowing the brain wave patterns accomplish? Several things. First, it creates an altered state. You become more relaxed. The brain makes endorphins, DHEA (a hormone related to health and well-being and a buffer against stress), human growth hormone, serotonin, and a number of other hormones and neurochemicals related to relaxation, stress release, and well-being. While in this altered state, you may partially or even totally lose contact with the outside world for moments at a time. (Cosmic Consciousness, or nonlocal consciousness, anyone?)

Second, the slower brain wave patterns create electrical fluctuations the brain cannot handle -- the way it is currently structured. To deal with this, the brain creates a new structure that can handle these fluctuations. The two sides of the brain begin to communicate more, leading to whole brain functioning, which includes greater mental abilities, and greater self awareness, resolution of emotional problems, greater balance in the brain, and what most people describe as a greater feeling of connect to everything around them.

Now, you may have meditated, even meditated quite a lot, and had very little of this happen to you. Why is that? It's because it isn't that easy to create the focus required to slow the brain wave patterns and then to hold them at the point where the brain must create the required changes. Most people require several years of practice to get the technique down -- and most people are too impatient to really work at it long enough to do so. Then, it requires practicing this focus for a few hours a day to really create deep changes. So, at best, people experience some relaxation (which is good) but little real transformation.

Then there is the issue of what many people call the "monkey mind." As you focus on your breath or your mantra, you periodically realize you're thinking about something else: what happened before, what will happen later, the noise you just heard, the pain in your leg -- anything but what you intended to focus on. Your mind fights you. It wants to do anything other than focus. It flits from thought to thought, like a monkey swinging from branch to branch. This causes people to think they are failing at meditation, and there is probably more misconception around this "problem" than any other aspect of meditation.

Here's what's happening: when you focus and the brain slows down, you make contact with deeper parts of your mind. There are stresses stored in the nervous system at this level, and when your awareness reaches the level where these stresses live, they are activated, in a sense, and bubble up to the surface of your awareness. As they break the surface of your awareness, they take the form of random thoughts, old memories, muscle twitches, flashes of light in your visual field, inner auditory sensations, and even odd physical or kinesthetic sensations.

In the Eastern meditation schools these are called "kriyas" and represent the burning off of stresses in the nervous system -- a good thing. As long as you gently return to the point of focus as soon as you realize your attention has wandered, you are still meditating. If you let your mind go off on the thought or other distractions, you are just sitting there thinking. In a typical meditation you might be distracted hundreds of times, each representing a stress in the nervous system coming to the surface and being released.

Most people in the West think they are having a terrible meditation when this happens because they think meditation means a quiet mind, but the opposite is true. While these kinds of meditations are not necessarily peaceful, they are very productive (and pave the way for a generally quieter mind, both in and out of meditation). Meditation is often -- especially in the first several years -- an upheaval of all the "stuff" needing release. When you have these meditations you should say "All right! I'm making progress!"

Meditation, then, is really very simple. You pay attention to whatever is your chosen point of focus, and whenever you realize you have been distracted, you re-focus. If you are immediately distracted again, so what? You just say good-by to more stress and re-focus again -- as often as it takes.

Bawa Muhaiyaddeen

Medrol
See methylprednisolone
Medulla
The inmost part; a general term for the most interior portion of an organ or structure. Called also marrow

Megaureter
A very large ureter. Can be a consequence of reflux or obstruction or just due to abnormal development.

Melatonin
This health-promoting hormone has become a leading natural sleep remedy.

Many people use melatonin just to combat insomnia and jet lag, not realizing that it plays other important roles in the body.

Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that can permeate all cells and prevent free radical damage. Some studies suggest that it may actually slow the aging process and boost the immune system. Our bodies produce large amounts of melatonin when we're young, but the production declines with age and needs to be supplemented as we mature.

[Medscape]

Contrary to popular belief, melatonin levels probably do not decline with age, according to a new study. Some advertisements have encouraged older people to take melatonin supplements to restore amounts of the hormone said to be lost with aging. Now a study contradicts the notion that melatonin levels in older people decline with age.

MEM®
One of Dr. Christopher's formulas.

Membrane
A thin layer of tissue which covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ.

Memory Loss
Food sensitivities and Leaky Gut syndrome are implicated in many cases of memory loss.

Menopause
Menopause is the cessation of the monthly female menstrual cycle. Women who have not had a period for a year are considered postmenopausal. Most commonly, menopause takes place when a women is in her late forties or early fifties. Women who have gone through menopause are no longer fertile. Menopause is not a disease and cannot be prevented.

Many hormonal changes occur during menopause. Primarily as a result of decreases in estrogen, postmenopausal women are at higher risk of heart disease and osteoporosis. A number of unpleasant symptoms may also accompany menopause. Some, such as vaginal dryness, result from the lack of estrogen. Others, such as hot flashes and decreased libido are caused by more complex hormonal changes.

Hormone replacement therapy is commonly used by post-menopausal women to ward off osteoporosis and bone fractures, and symptoms of menopause such as vaginal dryness.

Mercola, Dr. Joseph
Dr. Mercola has an excellent website here and publishes a free newsletter full of the latest research.

Dr. Mercola

Mercury
  • Year discovered: Circa 1500 B.C.
  • Atomic No.: 80
  • Symbol: Hg
  • Atomic weight: 200.59
  • Melting point: -38.87?C

Mercury, which connotes the fleet-footedness of the ancient Roman god of commerce and messenger of the gods, has been used for more than 2,000 years. Its first recorded mention was made by Aristotle in the fourth century B.C. Then, the heavy, silvery-white metal was utilized in religious ceremonies. The only metal in a liquid state at ordinary temperatures, mercury seldom occurs free in nature, and is recovered mostly from cinnabar ores. Mercury also occurs in coderite and other mercury ores and minerals. It is found in small quantities as a byproduct of gold refining. A fair conductor of heat, mercury is usually sold in 76-pound flasks for commercial use in electrical apparatus, the electrolytic preparation of chlorine and caustic soda, and the manufacture of mildew-proof paint.

Mercury, a heavy metal toxicant, has been shown to undergo incorporation into the amino acid cysteine, forming a new molecule called methylmercury cysteine. Accumulations of this molecule are associated with a variety of nervous system disorders, including alterations in vision, ataxias, and paresthesias.

Metabolism
  • 1: the sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living organized substance is produced and maintained (anabolism), and also the transformation by which energy is made available for uses of the organism (catabolism)
  • 2: biotransformation.

Methanol
Wood alcohol

[Michelle A. Johnson, ND]

when the temperature of aspartame exceeds 89 degrees, the wood alcohol (methanol) in aspartame converts to formaldehyde and then to formic acid, which in turn causes metabolic acidosis. (Formic acid is the poison found in the sting of fire ants.)

The methanol toxicity mimics multiple sclerosis. Thus, people are diagnosed as having multiple sclerosis when, in fact, they are often suffering from aspartame toxicity. If they had been taken off aspartame, their symptoms would, in many cases, have disappeared.

Read Dr. Johnson's article ASPARTAME: Sweet and Deadly.

Methionine
See L-Methionine

Methylprednisolone
What is methylprednisolone?
  • Methylprednisolone is in a class of drugs called steroids. Methylprednisolone reduces swelling and decreases your body's immune response.
  • Methylprednisolone is used to treat many different conditions. It is used to treat endocrine (hormonal) disorders when the body does not produce enough of its own steroids. It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, severe psoriasis, severe asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.

The PDR Reference is here.

MethylSulfonylMethane
See MSM

Mexican Yam
Felt to be a precursor & supporter of DHEA in the adrenal gland.

       

Microhydrin®
A powerful anti-oxidant invented by Dr. Patrick Flanagan and marketed exclusively by Royal BodyCare.

The antioxidants you currently consume probably include Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Betacarotene, Selenium, OPC’s from grape seed or pine bark. These antioxidant compounds consist of large complex molecules, but no matter how large, they each give up only one electron.

In an effort to develop the most potent antioxidant possible, the world- renown scientific research team, Drs. Gael and Patrick Flanagan looked at all the elements. They realized that the smallest one of all, Hydrogen, would provide the most concentrated source of antioxidant power. Each tiny Hydrogen atom could carry and give up an extra electron, creating the same power as each of the huge antioxidant molecules.

After years of research, they succeeded in developing a unique process using all-natural, food-grade ingredients to create a nutritional form of Hydrogen. This process produced a negatively charged hydrogen ion that can easily give up an electron more efficiently than any other antioxidant.

microhydrin

Microorganism
Just as the earth holds an abundance of life forms, so too does the human body hold a vast internal ecosystem consisting of thousands of billions of living microorganisms that co-exist sometimes harmoniously and sometimes not.

This vast ecosytem--our "human intestinal flora--dramatically influences every individual's health--including our physical and mental helath, our metabolism, and quite possibly, even our sife span.

Over 400 distinct species of microorganisms inhabit the various regions of the human digestive tract, taking up nearly four pounds of every individual's total body weight. If functioning properly, this vast unseen world of intestinal flora is now widely regarded as both a "shield and secret weapon" for maximum health and well-being

Bear in mind that both "friendly" and "unfriendly" microorganisms inhabit the human intestinal tract simultaneously. In fact, in many cases, each contributes to the overall function and health of the intestinal tract, while keeping the other in "check."

For example, even unfriendly microorganisms, such as small colonies of Candida yeasts that inhabit the intestinal track carry out vital tasks. They aid in the digestion of sugars and release vital enzymes, nutrients and other essential substances as byproducts of their work. Normally, friendly microorganisms such aa L. acidophilus and others keep the candida yeast in check. But if conditions prevail, which allow the candida yeast to grow uncontrollably, their once beneficial work turns grossly destructive to the human host and may result in an infectious spread to other areas of the body incuding the intestines, genital tract, mouth and throat.

Intestinal function runs smoothly, with digestion and metabolism operating at peak levels, when the balance of "friendly" microorganisms to "unfriendly" microorgainsms is stable.

It is only when the ecology of the gastrointestimal tract becomes disturbed or otherwise altered that the balance of friendly microorganisms to ufriendly microorganisms is compromised and serious health problems begin to threaten.

Microwave Ovens
I feel that the following is information that anyone who uses a microwave oven to heat water should be made aware of: About five days ago my 26-year old son decided to have a cup of instant coffee. He took a cup of water and put it in the microwave to heat it up (something that he had done numerous times before). I am not sure how long he set the timer for but he told me he wanted to bring the water to a boil. When the timer shut the oven off, he removed the cup from the oven. As he looked into the cup he noted that the water was not boiling but instantly the water in the cup "blew up" into his face. The cup remained intact until he threw it out of his hand but all the water flew out into his face due to the build up of energy. His whole face is blistered and he has 1st and 2nd degree burns to his face that may leave scarring. He also may have lost partial sight in his left eye.

While at the hospital, the doctor who was attending to him stated that this is a fairly common occurrence and water (alone) should never be heated in a microwave oven. If water is heated in this manner, something should be placed in the cup to diffuse the energy such as a wooden stirrer stick/spoon, tea bag, etc. It is however a much safer choice to boil the water in a kettle"

NOTE: Subsequently on reviewing the above I have consulted a set of Microwave Operation Instructions and under the heading Liquids it states: Liquids that have been heated by Microwave can suddenly erupt. This is due to layers heated to higher temperatures being trapped under the surface. To avoid this happening to any liquid e.g. coffee, custard, gravy etc.: - 1)Stir the liquid thoroughly before heating in the microwave. 2)Stir the liquid at least twice during the heating time. 3)Stir the liquid again at the end. NEVER OVERHEAT LIQUIDS. Always use a suitable sized container, at least one third larger, than the volume of liquid to be heated. If in doubt use conventional methods Kettle etc.

Midol PM®
See acetaminophen and diphenhydramine

Migraine Headache
Migraine headache is described as a unilateral pain, generally accompanied with nausea and vomiting, with the pain characterized as throbbing or pulsating.

Food sensitivities may be involved in migraine headaches.

See also headache.

Milk Thistle
Milk Thistle extract contains some of the most powerful liver-protecting substances known, and helps the liver grow new cells. It also helps maintain kidney function, alleviate inflammatory bowel disorder, and protect the immune system.

Milk Thistle has chemicals that bind to coat liver cells. These phyto-chemicals notonly heal previous liver damage but also protect the liver from future damage.

Mimulus
Monkey Flower - One of the floweres used in Bach Flower Remedies.

Consider a client for whom Mimulus (Monkey flower, Mimulus guttatus) tests as the priority flower essence; that person tends to act as an Enabler and to react by fear, perhaps fearing such things as the dark, loud noises, poverty, being sick, being alone ("I'm a victim"), and it is hard for them to share their fears--they are often shy. Mimulus will help this client.

Minerals
Many people don’t realize how vital minerals are to overall health, and yet every living cell in existence depends on minerals for proper structure and function. The human body needs minerals for the proper composition of body fluids, healthy nerve function, the formation of blood and bone, muscle tone, sugar metabolism, weight control, energy production, growth, and healing. Minerals are also essential for the proper utilization of vitamins and other nutrients, and are necessary for all enzyme activity.

Some minerals, although necessary for good health, are only needed in very small amounts. These are called trace elements.

Mites
Anthropod parasites.

Mitochondria
plural of mitochondrion. Small spherical to rod-shaped components (organelles) found in the cytoplasm of cells, enclosed in a double membrane, with an internal membrane space between the two units, the inner one infolded in the interior of the organelle as a series of projections (cristae). They are the principal sites of the generation of energy (in the form of ion gradients and adenosine triphosphate [ATP] synthesis) resulting from the oxidation of foodstuffs, and they contain the enzymes of the Krebs and fatty acid cycles and the respiratory pathway. Mitochondria also contain RNA and DNA, by means of which they can independently replicate and code for the synthesis of some of their proteins.

Small, energy-producing units inside many of the body's cells. A key role of the mitochondria involves the oxygen-based (aerobic) production of energy. This energy production process requires the mitochondria to remove electrons from fats and other molecules, and pass these electrons along a complex chain of molecules called the electron transport chain. The step-by-step passage of electrons down the chain allows the mitochondria simultaneously to draw a molecule called ADP (adenosine diphosphate) into the mitochondrial space, and to attach a third atom of phosphorus onto the ADP molecule, resulting in the creation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This ATP molecule is the body's key transportable form of energy. In this way, the mitochondria function as the body's battery recharging mechanism, taking the dead battery (ADP) and recharging it (into ATP).

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Read Mitral Valve Prolapse (Mitral Valve Prolapse--the Current FAD Diagnosis (a diagnosis of convenience for the physician) by Walt Stoll, MD here .

     

MLM
Multi-Level Marketing, also called Network Marketing or Referral marketing. A type of marketing that pays residual income to independent distributors on several levels of sales. Nutritional supplements and holistic medical devices are often marketed this way.

Some MLM Corporate sites are:

  • Achiever Unlimited
  • Ad-Net
  • Advanced Marketing Concepts
  • Advantage Marketing Systems
  • Adverworld
  • Advocare
  • Aim
  • Alliance
  • Alive
  • Aloe Vitality
  • Alpine
  • Altitude
  • Amera
  • American Freeway 100
  • Amway
  • Arbonne
  • Amsoil
  • Aspire
  • Aprise
  • Avon
  • Awareness
  • Benchmark
  • Better Wellness
  • Beverly Hills
  • Big Planet
  • Bimini
  • Biogime
  • Bio-Metics
  • BizKonnect
  • Body Alive
  • Body Systems
  • Body Wise
  • Carco
  • CD Express
  • Celestial Harvest
  • CellTech
  • Changes
  • Charmelle
  • Colese Coutures
  • Color Me Beautiful
  • Communications Concepts
  • Conklin
  • Custom Telecard
  • Daystar
  • Debt Free
  • Delpfin
  • Designer Nutritionals
  • Destiny
  • Diamond Way
  • Discovery Toys
  • EarthNet
  • Earth Smart
  • Earth Tribe
  • Easy Way
  • Eylsee
  • Enrich
  • Entech
  • Envion
  • Enviro-Tech
  • E'ola
  • Epicurean
  • Equinox
  • Espial
  • Essentially Yours
  • Excel
  • Family of Eagles
  • FINL
  • First Fitness
  • Forever Living
  • For*Mor
  • For You
  • Freedom Starr
  • FreeLife
  • Fuller Brush
  • FutureNet
  • Futurewave
  • Genesis
  • Geo Worldwide
  • Global Essence
  • Global Prosperity
  • Global Wellness Club
  • Golden Neo-Life Diamite
  • Golden Pride Rawleigh
  • Golf Connections
  • The Golf Club
  • Golf Link Int'l
  • Gourmet Coffee Club
  • Health Club Network
  • Health Dynamics Research Club
  • health Technologies Network
  • Herbalife
  • Herbatrol
  • Heritage Health Products
  • Higher Ideals
  • Hope
  • Horizons
  • ICN
  • Ideal Health
  • IHBNO
  • I-Link
  • Immunocal
  • Immunotec
  • Infinity2
  • Inspire
  • Integris
  • Intelligent Nutrients
  • International Heritage
  • Japan Life
  • JewelWay
  • Journey Telecom
  • Kaire
  • Karemore
  • Kingsway
  • Lametco
  • L'aprina
  • Leaders Club
  • Le Nautrel
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  • Life Extension
  • Life Force International
  • Lifelink
  • LifePlus
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  • LifeScience
  • Lifestyles 2000
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  • Liquid Life
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  • MagNet
  • Mannatech
  • Market America
  • Mary Kay
  • Matol
  • Maxim
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  • Mayberry
  • MegaNet$
  • Melaleuca
  • Millionnaire Makers
  • Morinda
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  • Nanci
  • NATAL
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  • New Image
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  • Neways (& Starways)
  • Nikken
  • Noevir
  • NRG
  • NSA
  • Nu-Botanic
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  • Pre-Paid Legal
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  • Rachael
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  • Team-Up
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  • Zenith

Robert Fitzpatrick, author of False Profits: Seeking Financial and Spiritual Deliverance in Multi-level Marketing and Pyramid Schemes has a [generally negative] interview in The Nexus.

MLM

     

Molybdenum
  • Year discovered: 1782
  • Atomic No.: 42
  • Symbol: Mo
  • Atomic weight: 95.94
  • Melting point: 2,617?C

Molybdenum is a silvery-gray metal used as an alloy to strengthen steel and make it less susceptible to rust and corrosion. About 70 percent of the world's molybdenum is produced as a byproduct of copper and the rest is a primary product, according to Roskill Information Services Ltd., London. On the consumption side, about 80 percent of demand is in iron and steel, to which molybdenum brings such important metallurgical qualities as hardness and durability. The rest of demand is split roughly between high-tech metal alloys and industrial chemicals.

Monoblast
The earliest precursor in the monocytic series, which matures to develop into the promonocyte; monoblasts have a fine chromatin structure and nucleoli are usually visible. They are not normally seen in the bone marrow or peripheral blood, but may be seen in monocytic anemia.

Monocyte
A mononuclear phagocytic leukocyte, 13 ?to 25 ?in diameter, with an ovoid or kidney-shaped nucleus, containing lacey, linear chromatin, and abundant gray-blue cytoplasm filled with fine, reddish and azurophilic granules. Formed in the bone marrow from promonocytes, monocytes are transported to tissues, as of the lung and liver, where they develop into macrophages.

Mononuclear
  • 1. having but one nucleus.
  • 2. a cell having a single nucleus, especially a monocyte of the blood or tissues.

Monovalent
  • 1. having a valence of one.
  • 2. denoting an antiserum, vaccine, or antitoxin specific for a single antigen or organism.

Montmorillonite
the active mineral in many medicinal clays and which comes from weathered volcanic ash. This name derives from Montmorillon, France, where the medicinal mineral was first identified. Sometimes mineralogists use the term smectite instead to describe the same substance.

Morphine
Highly addictive narcotic derivative of opium used for the relief of pain. Morphine suppresses anxiety and alters the perception of pain, thereby producing euphoria. It also impairs mental and physical performance, reduces sex and hunger drives, and induces apathy. Its use is strictly regulated.

Morphology
The science of the forms and structure of organisms; the form and structure of a particular organism, organ, or part.

Mothballs
Mothballs may kill more than moths: Mothballs contain either Naphthalene or Paradichlorobenzine. Both chemicals may cause damage to the liver. Naphthalene may also cause a breakdown of Red Blood Cells while Paradichlorobenzine may cause cancer.

Motion Sickness
Nausea, dizziness, and overall malaise that is triggered by travel in a boat, car, train, or plane all fall into the category of motion sickness.

Mouth Ulcers
See Canker sores

       

MSG
Monosodium Glutamate - A common food additive. MSG is the sodium salt of glutamate. Glutamate is a normal neurotransmitter in the brain. In fact, it is the most commonly used neurotransmitter by the brain. Defenders of MSG and aspartame use, usually say: How could a substance that is used normally by the brain cause harm? This is because, glutamate, as a neurotransmitter, exists in the extracellular fluid only in very, very small concentrations --- no more than 8 to 12uM. When the concentration of this transmitter rises above this level, the neurons begin to fire abnormally. At higher concentrations, the cells undergo this specialized process of delayed cell death, excitotoxicity. That is, they are excited to death.

MSG Sensitivity
MSG sensitivity, also known as Chinese restaurant syndrome, is a group of symptoms that occur in some people after consuming monosodium glutamate (MSG). Although some Chinese (and other) restaurants now avoid the use of MSG, many still use significant amounts of this flavor enhancer. The symptoms of Chinese restaurant syndrome commonly include headache, flushing, tingling, weakness, and stomachache.

MSM
MethylSulfonylMethane - MSM, is a natural occurring form of sulfur, which is present in body tissues, and fluids of all living beings. It is necessary for normal body maintenance.

This substances is one of the four most abundant minerals in the human body. The other three most abundant minerals are magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium.

Together with other nutrients your body uses MSM to continually create new healthy cells to replace old ones. Today it is not easy to obtain adequate dietary sulfur, as it is easily lost in processing & cooling. Sulfur contributes to the "ground substance" which keeps connective tissue intact. It is necessary to help maintain flexibility & elasticity of tissues.

Sulfur deficiencies are associated with slow wound healing, brittle nails & hair, gastrointestinal problems, inflammatory, lung & immune dysfunction.

Your liver depends upon dietary sulfur for proper detoxification process.

Supported by research & multiple patents, MSM in sufficient levels as a dietary supplement can help & improve the following conditions:

  • Multiple allergies & chemical sensitivities.
  • Gastrointestinal disorders.
  • Improve circulation & enhance cell vitality.
  • Reduces capillary fragility.
  • Improves sore, swollen joints.
  • Reduces hypertension.
  • Improves immune system.
  • Reduces the severity of carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • Improves sluggish memory.
  • Hyperacidity & upper GI distress, as an excellent alternative to antacids & acid blockers.
  • Increases collagen, improves skin smoothness & elasticity.

Body builders try (1) teaspoon of powder before workout & (1) teaspoon afterwards. Muscles will not be sore due to MSM's ability to remove lactic acid build-up.

MSM is virtually non-toxic, non allergenic.

Karl Loren has a long article about MSM here.

Elizabeth O'Brien, ND has a short article about MSM here.

   

Mullein
(Verbascum thapsus) Mullein has been used for centuries to treat a variety of respiratory problems and help alleviate irritations in the lungs and throat. Mullein acts as a pain reliever, diuretic, antiseptic and antibacterial agent. It contains high amounts of iron and is a good supply of vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin B12 and niacin.

Mullein contains a substance called mucilage, a saponin that helps lubricate mucus membranes soothing raw irritated tissues. As an expectorant, mullein helps expel excess phlegm from the lungs. The tannins in mullein are beneficial for reducing swollen and inflamed respiratory passages, making it a popular treatment for asthma, bronchitis, swollen glands and breathing difficulties.

Mullein has also been known to relieve constipation, counter-act sleeplessness, protect the kidneys, and help ease nervous tension.

Mullein is considered a perfect glandular food.

Mullein has an affinity for the respiratory organs. It can alleviate pain from pulmonary complaints by soothing inflamed and irritated nerves.

mullein

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
A kidney that has a failure of any normal development and consists only of cysts and fibous tissue. Believed to be caused by early and complete obstruction of the ureter.

Multiple Sclerosis
[Michelle A. Johnson, ND]

The methanol toxicity mimics multiple sclerosis. Thus, people are diagnosed as having multiple sclerosis when, in fact, they are often suffering from aspartame toxicity. If they had been taken off aspartame, their symptoms would, in many cases, have disappeared.

Read Dr. Johnson's article ASPARTAME: Sweet and Deadly.

Muscle
An organ which by contraction produces the movements of an animal organism. Muscles are of two varieties: striated, or striped, including all the muscles in which contraction is voluntary and the heart muscle; unstriated, nonstriated, smooth, or organic, including all the involuntary muscles except the heart, such as the muscular layer of the intestines, bladder, blood vessels, etc. Striated muscles are covered with a thin layer of connective tissue (epimysium) from which septa (perimysium) pass, dividing the muscle into bundles of fibers, or fasciculi. Each fasciculus contains a number of parallel fibers separated by connective tissue septa (endomysium). Each fiber consists of sarcoplasm which is cross-straited or composed of alternate light and dark portions (whence the name striated muscle); each contains embedded in it the myofibrils and each is surrounded by sarcolemma. Smooth muscles are composed of elongated, spindle-shaped, nucleated cells arranged parallel to one another and to the long axis of the muscle, and these cells are often grouped into bundles of varying size. The muscles, bundles, and cells are enclosed in an indifferent connective tissue material much as is found in striated muscles.

Muscle Wasting
 

Muscular
  • 1. pertaining to or composing muscle.
  • 2. having a well-developed musculature.

 

MVP
Mitral Valve Prolapse - MVP is a FAD diagnosis about something that is a normal variation of a normal heart. It NEVER causes any symptoms and that diagnosis will never be made after 10-15 years from now to the embarassment of those who have made it something else to worry about in patients who have a complex of symptoms.[Dr. Stoll]

     

Myasthenia Gravis
 

Myelogenous
Produced in the bone marrow.

Myelomeningocele
See Spina Bifida

Myocardial Infarction
See Heart Attack

Myofascial Release
Massage-type techniques are employed to coax muscles in spasm to relax. Chronically tense muscles restrict blood flow and fatigue the body. By applying gentle pressure to connective tissues or fascia, normal alignment and function can be restored and chronic pain eliminated. Developed in the late 1960s by John Barnes, Myofascial Release can treat neck and back pain, headaches and recurring sports injuries among other conditions.

Myopia
 

The Eye Problems archives from the 'Ask Dr. Stoll' website are here .

Myotherapy
Myotherapy is the diffusion of trigger points in muscles to retrain those muscles and relieve pain. It has been popularized by Bonnie Prudden. Trigger points are usually found in tight bands of muscle that may radiate pain to other areas of the body. For instance, relieving a tense trigger point in your back could help ease pain in your shoulder or reduce headaches. Useful in the treatment of addictions, arthritis, backache, colic, Epstein-Barr, headaches, migraine, sinusitis, sports injuries, tendinitis and TMJ.

Myrrh
Myrrh is an essential oil derived from 100 percent pure Commiphoria myrria. Myrrh has been an integral part of religious rituals, health practices, beauty treatments and perfumery for thousands of years. It contains antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties. Myrrh is commonly applied to the mouth and gums and may be beneficial in supporting the respiratory system.

You can gain emotional benefits from the scent of myrrh, including strength, focus and clarity. It's also a wonderful scent for people with feelings of apathy. Myrrh may be added to massage oil to massage into the skin or inhaled.

Do not use Myrrh during pregnancy and avoid contact to the eyes and mucus membrane areas.

myrrh

 


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